Art of centrifugal separation



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O. B. PECK. l ART 0F GENTRIPUGAL SEPRATION.

No'. 499,349. 9 Patented Jun 13, 1893,.

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ARTGF OENTRFUGAL SEPARATION.

No. 499,349. Patented June' 13, 1893,

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. B. PECK.

. ART 0F GENTRIFUGAL SEPARATION. 190,499,349. r 'PatentedJune 13, 2893.'

or space, and the size of such space be varied rotation of a constantdiameter. It therefore .of variance in the sizeof the channel, or passage. l'lence it will be seen that the rela-4 NITQED vSTA.refs' f Cnam n. Pneu, Aor CHICAGO, ILLIno Is,-AssIeN`-oa "ro i -sAMEPLAeE-.-

Ani' OIF o ENTRi'i-u 'eA-L. semantic-N.

SPECIFICATION formingpart @Letters Patent No. 499,349, cated June 13,1893.

- Appleman inea March 8,1893..-

.To all whom it'pmy concern:

Be itknown that I, ORRIN B. IEGK,a citizen o f-the United States, residing lat Chicago, Illi-l nois, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in the Art of Centrifugal Separation, ot' which the following is a specification.

To enable a better and more com preheusive understanding of my invention, the illustrations and descriptions thereof, I` will here state, that if a constant quantity of water be flowed or passed through a channel, passageV during the new, the velocity of the flow will bevariedinversely as the variance of the size, or area of section .of such space, and its momentum or impulse will'be varied as the square ot the variance'in the velocity of its dow, and inversely as the square of the variance in the size, or area of the channel, passage or space throughwhich .it flows. 'It is also aknown fact that centrifugal force or its intensity, varies as the square of the variance in velocity of follows that if a vessel containing a channel or passage around nearits outer diameter be rotated with sufiieient'rapidity to develop a minimum desired intensity of centrifugal force, and if material containing heavier and lighter substances be fed or passed into such channel or passage with 'a requisite amount or quantity of water, t-o fill the same, and move or tiow through it with suliicient velocitytodevelop momentum or impulse of an intensity relative to the centrifugal force being developed, to move and carry the lighter portions of the material through thechannel" or passage, and to permit the heavier to accumulate therein,-tl1e accumulating of the heavier portion will decrease the size or area of the passage through which the water is flowing, increasing its velocity lof ow in versely as the size of the space is varied, and its momentum or impulse as the square ot its velocity of tlow, and inversely as the square tive intensity of the forces being developed will-be destroyed immediately; Ithe force of momentum or impulse very quickly increasing to such an extent as to carry the heavier serai 110.464.399. nto modem portions ot' the material through with the lighter, without/effecting their separation. Since, however,as above `stat'ed,tht intensity of centrifugal force varies-as the lsquare of speed ofrotation; in such respect bearing similar relations to 'velocity of rotation, as momentum or impulse of waterdoes to its velocity of flow, by my improvedproeess'ormethod ot' separatiomand ot` operating centrifugal ore separators, illustrated in the ac` 6o companying drawings, and herein described, the speed 4of rotation o f the vessel being in creased approximately as the velocityfof flow l of the water through the channel or passage,

the initial relative intensities of the forces 6r; will be approximately maintained throughout,

the operation, and the desired separation ettected. Therefore, to-the endlof carrying out my improved processes or methods, I provide or construct a centrifugal ore separa- 7o tor embodying the means, features and `details, illustrated in the drawings and herein described,of whichy In the drawings Figure l, isatop plan View of my improved separator, with thetreatment 7 5 vessel and feed, and discharge spouts or -troughs iii-section. Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the right hand of Fig. l, looking toward the left. Fig. 3,.is a cross sectional elevation on line 3. of Fig.l,lookingin the di- 8o rection of the arrows. Fig. 4, is a cross sec# tionalelevation on line'at. Lt. of Fig. l, looking in the direction of the,v arrows. Fig. is-a side elevation of some of the detail parts enlarged taken on line 5. 5. of Fig. 1, ioolting in 85 the direction of the arrows, and Fig. 6, isa

detail side elevation of some of the parts enlarged taken on line (3, G, of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows.

I make or provide a bed, plate or frame A, 9o

ou which the parts are preferably mounted.

'l provide a treatment cylinder B4 although not nocessarilya vessel or cylinderin a technical sense, and preferably partly closeitat its end so as'tov be adapted to contain abody g5 of water, ora vsutiicient quantity to submerge the sepa ating surface' and 4the 'material under treatment,-aud' provid/,ait with a lseparating surface v'15', on its inside' preferably forming allora part oflits interior wall. This I o-o iitnLiNDA Piron, or Ei vessel is preferably arranged in' a horizontal v position, and is mounted on brackets A', supported by suitable preferably hollow trunnions or shafts a, in bearings ct.' It is preferablyproyided with an elongated conc-shaped belt sut-face, pulley, or drum C, preferably formed or secured to the end of one'of the trunnions of the vessel, and preferably oper lated by a belt c, driven by a corresponding zo counter cone C', suitably relatively located and properly mounted on` the shaft `D, supported in bearings or journals c. shaft D, is also mounted a pulley D', which may be driven by a belt cl, from any appro` r 5 priate motive power, so that the vessel may be rotated'through its lconnectionstherewith as explained, and its speed of rotation may be varied or regulated by shifting the polsi,-

tion ofthe belt c, on its cones in the one direczo tion or the other, as hereinafter described.

Within the treatmentvessel I preferably arrange a deiiector, E, the outside of which,

or the larger portion thereof corresponds to the inside of the vessel, leavingr an annular space, passage or channel b, between them,

in which 'the separation of the material is effected, as hereinafter described,'aud with the separating surface B', preferably forming one side or wall of suchchannelor passage. This 5o defiector serves to assist in distributing material being treated uniformly over the separating surface, and to deflect or guide it along near or in proximity 'to such surface.' The detiector, however, may be dispensed with, if desired, when the conditions attending the operation will permit, and when it is used it is` not necessarybthat it bein the form shown. The channel in which the material is treated need not necessarily be rannulator extend 4o around the interior pf the` vessel, as separate channels maybe used instead of the one conf tinuous chanuel,ii preferred. I shall for convenience, however, describe the construction,

arrangement and operation of my improve- 45 ment as they are exhibited in the drawings,

but do not intend to limit myself strictly to details, for as much latitude may be indulged as the conditions and circumstances may permit.

l5c The dellcct'or is preferably provided with shafts or trunuions E', which extend out through the hollow trunnions of the vessel, and are properly supported in bearings c.

In order to rotate the deflector I mount a pulley G,on one end of one of theshaftsortrunnions E', so that it may be rotated by a belt g', preferably from a pulley G, mounted on a counter shaftf, appropriately located .and

supported in bearings or boxes f-, on the cpedestals g. A

l the shaft j', and is preferably rotated by a belt e', operatcd'by the pulley F, preferably on the extended end of the vessel conc C', so

that the deliector through its connections' with the vessel will be rotated by the rotation of the vessel. i The relative sizes and location of the pul- (ln the" materialdischarged thereat.'

A pulley F', is also mounted on.4

leys F, F,G, and'G, are such as thatthe speed of rotation of the separating surface, or the treatment vessel and 'the defleetor will bev 7o somewhat diiferent'froin that of the detlector, to enable it to most etlectually'assist in distributing the material for treatment, but if preferred, in some instances the dei-lector may be iixed to the treatment vessel and carried 7 5 around wit-.h it, dispensing with the shafts, trunnion, pulleys and bearings to supporti and give it independent rotation, but in most instances I. preferl to employ these parts and to rotate the vessel and deiicctor at a somewhat vSe different rate of speed.I

material for treatmeuh'diluted with water, is' 85 l fed into the vessel, and preferably near the other end, and around the largest diameter of the vessel, are discharge holes or orifices h. Surrounding or encircling such holes or' orifices is a trough H,to catch the waterand 9o The water and material as they are intro.

, duced into the vessel are carried by the action of centrifugal force to a position around near the outer diameter, and flow through the chan- .nel or passage to the opposite end of the veslsel, where they are ,discharged through the -holes o r orifices h,carrying the lighterv substances with them, during the operation, as

. hereinafterdescribed. I also prefer to provide rocl pipes h', or other equivalent means, extending in the vessel adesireddistance to serve as Van overflow for the water to prevent too much from accumulating in the discharge end of the vessel. 105

The trough Il', is provided with discharge pipes or conduits I, at its lower side, preferably diverging into two branches, t', and if',

one of which leads toa suitable bin or receptacle for the heavier portions of the material, t 1o and the other to a point of disposition of the lighter. At the junction of the branches, I preferably locate a hinged partition'ordocr I', that may be swung from one side to the other, covering the entrance to either branch, and deilecting the material being discharged into its appropriate branch for deposit'. The

partition or door may be operated .by a handle or lever, extending out througli the wall of the pipe so as to bc convenient of access; 12o

such handle, however, is not shown on the d ra wi n gs.

To enable the automatic carryingout of my improved processes or methods. in which the speed ofV rotation of the treatment vessel is graduallygincreased or varied t`uriug the operation, i.n approximately the saine degree or proportion asthe space within the channel or passage in whichthe separation is effected is decreased, thereby automatically maintain- 13o ing au approximately constant relative degree or proportion -of intonsityof momentum or impulse of water, and centrifugal force de. veloped within the channelor passage, while the conditions therein are being varied, and

-to enable the centrifugal force developed to be 'gradually and automatically varied duringcthe operation approximately inversely as thesquare of the-variance in the size of the channel or passage, and in an'approximately constant relative degree or ratio with that of 4the momentum or impulse of the water Within the space inl which kthe separation 'is ef,- fected, and by such automatic methods or processes separating the heavier portion of the material from the lighter, and to otherwise that the counter shaft j, may be rotated byj the rot-ation of the shaft D, to which the inotive power for operating the rseparator isapplied by thebelt d, as hereiubefore described.

The speed of rotation of the counter-shaft may be regulated -by the adjustment of the guide K', through the nutc, shifting erguiding the belt-K,- to contact with the one porj tion or another of its cone pulleys. l

On the counter-.shaft j, are mounted loosey and tight pulleys L, and L', afnd an apprepriate distance therefrom, properly relatively` located is a rod or shaft M, supported in suitable boxes or'- bearings m, and having loose and tight pulleys N, N' mounted on' itseextended end. 1

,Passiug'around to operate on the looseand tight pulleys, and between the guides on', of

` a shipper rod M', are belts O, one of whichis intended to be crossed so as to transmit ro tation to the parts that it drives in an opposite direction at the proper time, as herein- :at' ter described.

The end of the rod M, opposite'to that on which the pulleys N, N', are mounted, ispro vided with screw threads which engage with the threads of the screwjor worm wheel O', as particularly shown in Fig. 5. The worm wheel O', is mounted in a lixed manner on the rod o, suitably supported in boxes o', so 'that as the wheel is rotated the rod is also rof i tated. One end of the rod o, is extended as Shown, and is provided with screw threads which engage with the screw threads on thev screw or worm wheel l, so that as -therod 0,

revolves the worm wheel l, is also slowly re-, volved; this wormwheel is provided witha central threaded hele or opening through' which the threaded end of the shifter rod P",

- passes. The shifter rod beiugsuppcrted in bearings p, ina manner to permit of leugthwisc movement, but not of rotation,so that asthe worm wheel l), is rotated the shifter rod P', is slowly moved en dwise in the one dil y rection or the otherand through' its extended guide pins p', shifts the belt c, on the cone pulleys or drums C, C', in the one direction 7o or the other, as the movement of lthe shifter rod may be.

The relative location of the -parts isy .i n-` tended to be such as to bring the shifter rod between the cone pulleys ordrums, and i`n' a 75 line or position transverse to the-lineor path of travel of 'the belt c, and at a suitable distance therefrom, soy that its extended guide pins mayoperate on, and shift or guide the belt through the movementof the shifter rod, 8o

as just explained. y

The shifter rod preferably has its end.or

portion that extends through the box or support Q, flattened to prevent it from having a rotary motion or movement, or from tipping 85 or swinging around its center. It is provided with the appropriately located extended guide pins, as explained, which serve to guide and move/the: belt c, along to operate on different parte of its cone pulleys or drums, so that the 9o shifter rod,in its movementendvvise in either l direction during the operation of the separater, will move the belt c, to operate on'one portion or another of the cone pulleys or drums, thereby increasing or decreasing the 495 speed of rotation of the vessel,and the intensity of the centrifugal force being developed asthe movement may be in the one direction fon the other. l

An appropriate distance from the shifter xo'o rpd, and in preferably a parallel position to it, is located the rod Q', suitably supported iu brackets q, in such a manner'as to permit of its einlwise'movement. On that portion of this-rod Q', that passes through the space of m5 the travel of the guide pins, are adjustably secured, extended lingers R, located to contact'at predetermined points with the guide pins. The fingers R, may be moved by 'means of the thumb screws 9', andlocated or fixed on 1 io thc rod Q', to contact with the guide pins, at

any point in their travel, that it may be desired.

Suitably located at the opposite end of the rod Q', is a weighted lever S, pivotally supx15 ported at s, to a bracket s', as particularly shown lin Fig. (i, with its llower extended end .arranged to operate the shipper rod M', as

Will be hereiuaftendescrbed. Another lever S', is preferably pivoted at its lower end, as' 12o' particularly shown in Fig. 6, and is provided near its central portion with an elongated hole or slot, through which 'a pin or stud T, securedto the 'weighted lever is extended; to

the opposite end of the lever S, is pivotally [25 secured Athe end of -rod (2. The Shipper rod lli', is supported in thc bearings,1, in a manner to permit of its lengthwise movement, and is provided with extended pinsm' (Fig. (i), lo-

cated with such relation to thelowerextended 1go end bl the weighted lover as to contact with it and move the rod M', in the one direction or the other, as the weighted lever may fall thereby shipping the belts O, and reversing e driven by them.

The fingers R, may be adjusted on the rod -to contact with one or the other of the guide .pins p', at any point in their travels that it may be desired, at which time the rod Q', will be moved through such contact and be earried or moved along with the travel of the guide pins, and the shifter rod', carrying with it-the lever S', and the weighted lever, to such an extent as to' enable the latter to fall over its gravity center of pivotal support in the one direction or the other, as the case may be,

thereby automatically shipping the belts O,4

Vand reversing the direction of its connected part, changing the direction of travel of the ushifter rod P', and the guide pins and the movement of the belt c, along the cone pulleys or drums, automatically increasing or decreasing the speed of rotation of the treatment vessel, as the case may be. It'will be seen, of course, that the parts will continue to move in the one. direction or the other, until one or the other of the fingers Pu-fcontacts with theV guide pins, and thereby carries or moves the rod Q', a sullicient distance to enable the Weighted lever to fall over the center of its pivotal support in the opposite direction,

automatically shipping the belt O, and revers' ing the action or movement of such parts, as are driven by such belts.

By the adjustment of the fingers lt, to contact with the guide pins at any desired point in their travel, the distance or extent ot the movement of the belt c, lengthwise on its cones or drums, maybe predetermined, as desired, and consequently the extent of the variauce in the speed of the rotation of the ves sel,'and the intensity of centrifugal force,de veloped may bc predetermined, adjusted, and automatically governed. 'lhe speed or rapidity With which the speed of rotation of the vessel is varied, may be regulated, increased or decreased by the adjustmentof the guide K', moving the belt l, to operate on the one portion or another of the cone pulleys J, J', thereby increasing or varying the rapidity of the movement or rotation of the parts that are driven or operated by the belt K, and that shift and guide the belt c.

'lho sizes and proportions ot the several cones and other parts, together with the latitude of adjustment permitted through the cone pulleys J, J', are intended to be such as to secure variance in the speed of rotation of the vessel, approximately inversely the va riance in the size or area ot' the space,'chan nel or passage in which the separation is effected, by the accumulation therein of the `heavier portions ot'the material being treated.

While Al have shoivn and described but'one means for changing the speed of rotation of the vessel, such means may be varied as may best suit the (qierator, ortho conditions ol`. the

. material being treated, so long as they serre toleffect the purposes herein set forth.

' of rotationof thevesseLand of course At the beginning of the operation, the belt c, is intended to be at the Vlargest end of thc cone pulley or drum 0, or at such portion thereof as to secureth'e desired ,initial -speed at the smaller end, or a proper corresponding point on the cone or drum C', and the parts by which it is shifted, are intended to be in a position to start to first move the belt toward the opposite end ofthe cone; orin adireetion to increase the/speed of rotation of the vessel from the beginning. 'y u The treatment' vessel isrotated at the com- 'mencement snlticiently rapid to develop cen-4 trifugal force of a minimum desired intensity, and the guide parts operating the shifter rod and guide pins, adjusted so as to shittthe `belt c, along lengthwise of its cones suticiently fast to increase the speed of rotation of the Vessel approximately as the size of the creased by the accumulation of the heavier material therein. Y

rlhe material is intended to be introduced into the receiving end of the vessel through the pipes ll', or other suitable means, diluted with a sufficient amount or quantity ot' water to preferably lill the channel or passage'and so thatits velocity of flow through the channel or passage, toward the discharge end of the vessel will be sufficient to develop or produce momentum or impulse of requisite ini-v tial intensity relative to the initial centrifugal force developed, to move or wash the lighter substances of the material through the channel or passage, to be discharged with the water through the holes or orifices-and l to permit the heavier to accumulate therein. As the heavier portions of the material accumulatein the passage, its size thereby is decreased, and the velocity of flow of the water, and its momentum are increased immediately and, were it not'for the proper in. creasing speed of rotation ol the vessel, the momentum or impulse of the.\vater would very quickly become so great as to move the .heavier portions ot the material through with the lighter, without separation, but as soon as the operation commences, the belt c, is slowly, gradually and automatically moved .toward the opposite ends of itsconc pulleys;

through the rotation of the partsoperatcd by the belts l, and 0, as already explained, until the belt c, has been moved by its guide pins, to the predetermined extent, at which time one ol' the lingers lt, through its contaet with its appropriate guide pin, has moved the weighted lever sutlicicntly far to enable it to t'all over its center ot' pivotal support, and through its connection-ships the belts O,

thereby reversing thedirection of rotation and movement of the parts driven by these belts, commencing at once to move the belt c, towardthe other end of its cone pulleys, or to its initial point, to be again a'uton'latieall y reversed, and the. 'operation repeated.

The quantityml Vfeed Vof the material, and

space Within the channel or passage b, is de- IOO the positions and adj ustinent ofthe parts, are

intended tonbe such that, at the time the beltv velocity of tlowof the water having bee'nin-l creased during the operation in approximately a constant degree or p`roportioii,as the size of the channel or passage ywas decreased, and the momentum orfii'npiilse'lof the water, and the centrifugal .force having been varied in an approximatelyconstant relative degree, and approximately inversely as the square of the variance in the space iii-which theseparation was effected. At this time, thedesired amount of heavier portions of th'e material having been accumulated',the feed of the material to the separator may now he` discontinued, and while the belt c, is beingfshifted on its cones to its starting point, and the vessel brought to its initial speed of rotation, the door l', in

the discharge pipe,.may be shifted to deflect the heavier `portion of' material into its ap-V propriate branch pipe, and an amount of water introduced to the vessel, through the feed pipc,or other suiticient means requisite to remove or wash out the accumulated heavierportion from chan nel or passage in the separator, e

discharging it through the orifices 1t, asin lthe instanceofthelighter. When theheavierportion has thus been removed and the belt c, has "reached its 'initial point, its travel 'is again autoniatically` shifted, the tlow of. the Hush water, as l may term it, is discontinued, the door l', turned back to its original position, and the new or feed of material for treatment with the appropriate anio'unt of water again coinnieii'ced, and the operation repeated,`-the shifting and reshifting of the belts being automatically carried on, in the manner explained, and the variance in the speed o f rotation of theivessel and of theforce develvoped being intermittently and automatically increased and decreased,while their relative, or' Iproportionate intensitiesv are maintained approximately constant. l

Where I have used the term approxiinatelyf7 in the specification and claims, I-

inean it in a sufficiently broad sense to quality the state, action, result, cause and effect to which it may refer or relate,.to such extent as to afford such latitude as the conditions of thema-aerial or the circumstances attending the operation may admit, and still-secure the de red result. i

l Yhat l regard as new, and desire to secure by letters Patent, is

l. VFixeincthod or process of separating ma torial containing substances of different de' grecs of speci-"ic gravity, when in a powdered er finciy divided condition, which consists in subjecting such material to the action .of cen-A trifugal force andat the saine time to inomentum or impulse of water of sufficient intensity to move the lighter substances of the material being treated, and to lpermit the heavier to accumulate, and varying the intensity of the centrifugal force developed ap` proximate] y as the intensity o'f the momentum or impulse of the water is varied 'du ring the operation, substantially as described.

2.- The method or process of separating inatcrialcontaining substance'slof different degrees of 'specific gravity, whenin .a powdered or finelydividedV condition, which consistsin subjecting suchmaterialv to the action' of centrifugal force and Yat the same time to inomentum or impulse of water of sutiicient'intensity to move thelighter-substances ofthe material being treated, and to permit the heavier to accumulate, and varyin g the intensity ot the centrifugal'force developed inversely approximately as the square oof the variance', as the operation proceeds, in tliesize of the-space inwhich Athe -separation`is effected, substantially as described.

'I The method or process of separating material containing substances of different degrees of specific gravity,'when in a pwdered or iinely'divided` condition,"wliioh consists y in subjecting such material to centrifugal force, and momentum 'of water of requisite intensities and relative proportions to movc the lighterjsubstances fand to permit theV heavier to accumulate, and varying the centrifugal forces inv approximately a constant relative degree, and inversely approximately as' the square ofthe varianceof the size pf the space, in which the separation is effected, substantially as described. v i 4. The method or process of separating material containing substances of different de-` grecs of specific gravity, when in a powdered or finely divided condition, which consistsin passing suchmater'ial into a covered channel or passage, subjecting it while therein to the action of centrifugal force-andat'the same time to suiiicient momentum or impulse of water to nieve the lightersubstances and to permit the heavier to'accum'ulataand, as the .operation progresses, maintaining an approximately '.constantquantity orainountof water passing through the channel or passage, in which the separation' is effected, and increas ing the intensityof the centrifugal forceap-4 proximately. as the square of the decreasein the sizeof the'I space in the channel or passage, substantially as described. v

5. rllhe'method'or process'of operating cen-- trifngal ore'lseparators, which consists in rotating the vessel thereof with sufcientrapidity to develop. theinitial amount of centrifugal force desired,'passing the material to kbe separated into the channel or passage with# in the vessel', in which the separat-ion -is' et'- `fected,,forcing sufficient amount or` .quantity of water through suchy channel orpassage to varying the speed of rotation of the vessel` inversely approximately as the size of the space in the channel'or passage in which the separation is effected is raj'ed d uringthe operation by the accumulati .i of the heavier portions of thematerial th .,n, substantially' as described.

i. 'lhe method or process of operating centrifugal ore separators, which consists in ro-` tating the vessel thereot' with sufficient Irapidity to develop the amount of centrifugal creasing the speed of rotation of the vessel approximately as the size of the space is decreased during the operation, substantially as described.

7. ."he methodor process of operating eentril'ugal ore separators, which consists in r0- tat'ng the` vessel thereof with suflicient r'apidity to develop the amount of centrifugal force desired,passing the material to'be sepav.rated into the channel or passage wit-hin the vessel, in which the separation is effected,

forcing sntlicient amount or quantity of wa-l ter through such channel or passage to develop requisite momentum or impulse to move the lighter substances ofthe material'and to permit the heavier to accumulate, maintain- 'ing ah approximately constant 4quant-ity or forcing sufficient amount or quantity of wa-A amount of Water flowing through the space While the separation is progressing, and increasing the speed'of rotation of the vessel approximately as the size of the space is de` creased during the-operation, until an appropriate Quantity of heavier has accumulated, then increasing the flow of Water reqnisite to wash ont the accumulated heavier portions of the material, substantially as described. l

. 8. The method or process of operating centrifugal ore separators, which consists in rotating the vessel thereof with snticient rapidity to develop the amount of centrifugal force desired, passing the material to be separated into the channel or passage within the vessel, inwhich the separation is effected,

ter through such channel or passage to develop requisite, momentum 'or impulse' to movethe lighter substances of the material and to permit the heavier to accumulate,

maintaining an approximately constant quantity or amount of water flowing through the space while the separation is progressing, and increasing the speed oi rotation of the vessel approximately as the size of the space is decreased during the operation, until an appropriate qua'ntity of heavier substance has ac-v cumulated, then 'increasing the flow of Water an appropriate time and amount requisite to wasn ihe accumulated heavier substance out; decreasing the speed of rotation of thevessel and the How or momentum of the water to the initial point, preparatory to repeating the` operation, substantially 'as described. tl. ln a centrifugal ore separator, the combination of a rotatable vessel, and means for..

' varying the intensity of centrifugal force derelopcd approximately as the intensity of momentum or impulse of water is varied in the channel or passage in which the separalion is effected during the opcratiomsubstantially as described.l I j p l 10. In a centrifugal ore separator,'the combination of a rotatable vessel, and .means for automatically varying theintensity of eentrif n gal force developed approxi mately as the intensity of momentum or impnlse of water is varied in the channel or passage in which the separation iseifected, during the operation, substantially as described.

11. In a centrifugal oreseparator, the combination of a rotatable vessel, and means for varying the centrifugal force developed 1'n Vversely approximately as the square of the variance during the operation, in the size of the channel or passage iny which the separation is effected, substantially as described.'

l2. In a centrifugal ore separator, the combination of a rotatable vessel, and meanst'or `'automatically varying thecentrifugal force developed inversely approximately "as the square of the varianceduring the operation,

in the size of the channel or passage in which V the separation is effected, substantially as described. i

13. In a centrifugal ore separator, the combination of a rotatable vessel, and means for too varying the speed of "rotation of thervessel,

approximately inversely as the variance' iny size of the channel or passage in which the separation is etfected, by the heavier portions, substantially as described.-

14. In a centrifugal ore separator, the coinhination of a rotatable-vessel. and means for automatically varying the speed of rotation of the vessel approximately inverselyas thev variance in the size of the channelor passage in which the separation is effected by the heavier portions of the material, substantially as described.

carinii n. PEoK.

With esses:

M. OBRIEN, Ermont) C.` Paca. 

